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Amerika Serikat Resmi Perpanjang Fasilitas GSP Untuk Indonesia

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Pemerintah Amerika Serikat (AS), melalui United States Trade Representative (USTR) secara resmi telah mengeluarkan keputusan untuk memperpanjang pemberian fasilitas Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) kepada Indonesia.

Pengumuman perpanjangan GSP ini dibuat hanya berselang sehari usai pertemuan Presiden Joko Widodo dengan Menteri Luar Negeri (Menlu) AS Mike Pompeo di Istana Kepresidenan Bogor, Jawa Barat, Kamis (29/10/200) berapa hari yang lalu.

Sebagaimana disampaikan Menlu RI Retno Marsudi usai pertemuan, Presiden menekankan kepada Menlu AS bahwa Indonesia ingin melihat kerja sama di bidang ekonomi kedua negara meningkat di masa yang akan datang, termasuk tentunya harapan terhadap perpanjangan fasilitas GSP kepada Indonesia.

Menlu Retno Marsudi yang pada saat bertemu dengan Mike Pomp​​​eo juga secara khusus mengangkat isu GSP, menyatakan bahwa penyelesaian review GSP ini merupakan buah dari rangkaian diplomasi yang secara intensif dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia dalam beberapa waktu terakhir ini.

“Pemberian fasilitas GSP merupakan salah satu wujud konkret kemitraan strategis antara kedua negara yang tidak hanya membawa manfaat positif bagi Indonesia, melainkan juga bisnis di AS,” ujarnya.

Sementara itu Duta Besar RI untuk AS Muhammad Lutfi menilai perpanjangan fasilitas GSP yang diberikan oleh Amerika Serikat ini menunjukkan tingginya kepercayaan Pemerintah AS terhadap berbagai perbaikan regulasi domestik yang dilakukan Pemerintah Indonesia dalam rangka menciptakan iklim bisnis dan investasi yang lebih kondusif di tanah air.

“Pascapengumuman USTR, kita akan segera susun rencana kerja atau road plan untuk mengoptimalkan fasilitas keringanan bea masuk bagi produk-produk ekspor Indonesia di pasar AS,” ujar Lutfi yang sebelumnya pernah menjabat sebagai Menteri Perdagangan dan Kepala BKPM ini.

Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir ini, pemberian perpanjangan fasilitas GSP oleh AS relatif jarang terjadi.

Bahkan sejumlah negara yang menjadi mitra dagang AS, seperti India dan Turki, tahun 2019 lalu telah dihentikan fasilitas GSP mereka.

Pemerintah pun menyambut baik perpanjangan preferensi tarif GSP yang diberikan kepada Indonesia tersebut.

Menteri Koordinator Bidang Kemaritiman dan Investasi Luhut Binsar Pandjaitan mengungkapkan, di tengah menurunnya perdagangan internasional akibat Pandemi Covid-19, pemberian fasilitas GSP ini akan membantu meningkatkan kinerja ekspor Indonesia ke AS.

Ditambahkannya, dalam rangka menegaskan komitmen Pemerintah Indonesia untuk terus mengoptimalkan tingginya potensi kerja sama di bidang ekonomi dan perdagangan kedua negara, baik pada saat ini maupun di masa mendatang, Indonesia akan mengusulkan diadakannya negosiasi Limited Trade Deal (LTD) atau Kesepakatan Perdagangan secara terbatas antara Indonesia dan AS.

“LTD, yang akan mencakup kerja sama perdagangan, investasi hingga sektor informasi, komunikasi, dan teknologi, diharapkan dapat membantu mendongkrak perdagangan dua arah Indonesia dan AS hingga mencapai US$ 60 milyar pada tahun 2024,” ujarnya.

Tingginya intensitas kerja sama di bidang perdagangan antara kedua negara juga menjadi katalis yang efektif bagi peningkatan arus investasi dua pihak, termasuk dari AS ke Indonesia.

GSP merupakan fasilitas perdagangan​ berupa pembebasan tarif bea masuk, yang diberikan secara unilateral oleh Pemerintah AS kepada negara-negara berkembang di dunia sejak tahun 1974. Indonesia pertama kali mendapatkan fasilitas GSP dari AS pada tahun 1980.

Berdasarkan data statistik dari United States International Trade Commission (USITC), pada tahun 2019 lalu, ekspor Indonesia yang menggunakan GSP mencapai US$ 2.61 milyar. Angka ini setara dengan 13.1 persen dari total ekspor Indonesia ke AS, yakni US$ 20.1 milyar.

Ekspor GSP Indonesia di tahun 2019 berasal dari 729 pos tarif barang dari total 3.572 pos tarif produk yang mendapatkan preferensi tarif GSP.

Hingga bulan Agustus 2020, nilai ekspor GSP Indonesia ke AS tercatat sebesar US$ 1.87 milyar atau naik 10.6 persen dibandingkan periode sama di tahun sebelumnya.

Indonesia saat ini merupakan negara pengekspor GSP terbesar ke-2 di AS setelah Thailand. (Red/AJ)

Penulis : Boy A

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